{"id":406,"date":"2008-08-04T06:03:08","date_gmt":"2008-08-04T04:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/deleet.dk\/?p=406"},"modified":"2008-08-04T06:03:08","modified_gmt":"2008-08-04T04:03:08","slug":"modal-ontologiske-argumenter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/?p=406","title":{"rendered":"Modal ontologiske argumenter"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jeg vil lige kort kommentere lidt p\u00e5 moderne ontologiske argumenter.<\/p>\n<p>Her ses Plantinga&#8217;s seneste version:<\/p>\n<p>1.That &#8220;some being is unsurpassably great&#8221; is logically possible.<\/p>\n<p>2. Any being that is unsurpassably great is, in all possible worlds, omnipotent, omniscient and morally perfect.<\/p>\n<p>C.Someone is omnipotent, omniscient and morally perfect.<\/p>\n<p>Argumentet er pakket ind i en masse smarte ord. Pr\u00e6mis (1) lyder intuitivt fair, da det blot konstaterer at et v\u00e6sen som er &#8220;unsurpassably great&#8221; er logisk muligt, i.e. ikke selvmodsigende. Bagefter siger pr\u00e6mis (2) at hvis et v\u00e6sen er &#8220;unsurpassably great&#8221;, s\u00e5 er det i <strong>alle verdener.<\/strong> Og da at denne verden vi lever i, er den del af alle verdener, s\u00e5 findes dette &#8220;unsurpassably great&#8221; ogs\u00e5 i denne verden. Voila! Vi har bevist at gud findes.<\/p>\n<p>Hvordan gik det til?<\/p>\n<p>Argumentet virker s\u00e5ledes at man definerer gud som n\u00f8dvendig (necessary), som i modallogik betyder at det er i alle verdener. Hvis man godtager denne definition, s\u00e5 er gud enten i alle verdener eller i ingen verdener; \u25a1G eller \u25a1\u00acG. Da \u25a1\u00acG er det samme som at G ikke er logisk mulig; \u00ac\u25caG og at vi allerede er blevet enige om at gud er mulig, s\u00e5 ved vi at \u25a1\u00acG er falsk. Derfor m\u00e5 \u25a1G v\u00e6re sand, gud findes alts\u00e5.<\/p>\n<p>Hvis man kender til modallogik er dette dog intet bortset fra et smart trick. Logisk set ser argumentet s\u00e5ledes ud:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u25ca\u25a1G<\/li>\n<li>\u25ca\u25a1<em>p<\/em> \u2192 \u25a1<em>p <\/em>[S5 \taxiom]<\/li>\n<li>\u25a1G<\/li>\n<li>\u25a1<em>p<\/em> \u2192 <em>p <\/em>[S5 \taxiom]<\/li>\n<li>G<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tricket ligger naturligvis i at hvis man gemmer det n\u00f8dvendige v\u00e6k i pr\u00e6mis (1), s\u00e5 lyder det mere acceptabelt, derfra pakker man pr\u00e6misset ud vha. af en n\u00f8dvendig definition af gud. Derfra har man f\u00e5et det vi ser som pr\u00e6mis (1) her.<\/p>\n<p>Min inspiration er disse to diskussioner p\u00e5 IIDB.org samt Dante&#8217;s excellente blog indl\u00e6g <a href=\"http:\/\/analyticabstraction.blogspot.com\/2007\/11\/philosophy-of-religion-2-natural_14.html\">her<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeg vil lige kort kommentere lidt p\u00e5 moderne ontologiske argumenter. Her ses Plantinga&#8217;s seneste version: 1.That &#8220;some being is unsurpassably great&#8221; is logically possible. 2. Any being that is unsurpassably great is, in all possible worlds, omnipotent, omniscient and morally perfect. C.Someone is omnipotent, omniscient and morally perfect. Argumentet er pakket ind i en masse [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,19],"tags":[103,489,796],"class_list":["post-406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-modal-logik-filosofi-filosofi","category-religion-filosofi","tag-argument","tag-gud","tag-modallogik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=406"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/406\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/da\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}