{"id":1969,"date":"2009-12-11T18:55:31","date_gmt":"2009-12-11T17:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/?p=1969"},"modified":"2009-12-11T18:55:31","modified_gmt":"2009-12-11T17:55:31","slug":"an-argument-against-traditional-monotheism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/2009\/12\/an-argument-against-traditional-monotheism\/","title":{"rendered":"An argument against traditional monotheism"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merely a translation of the danish version here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Translation keys<\/h2>\n

Domains<\/h4>\n

D:x = things<\/p>\n

D:y = things<\/p>\n

D:t = moments<\/p>\n

One variable predicates<\/h4>\n

Ex = x exists<\/p>\n

At = the world was created at time t<\/p>\n

Two variable predicates<\/h4>\n

Cxy = x created y<\/p>\n

Three variable predicates<\/h4>\n

Kxyt = x created y at time t<\/p>\n

Particulars<\/h4>\n

g = God<\/p>\n

a = The world<\/p>\n\n<\/col>\n<\/col>\n<\/col>\n<\/col>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
n<\/td>\nEnglish<\/td>\nSymbols<\/td>\nExplanation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nGod exists.<\/td>\nEg<\/td>\nAssumption for reductio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nThat God exists, logically implies that God created the world.<\/td>\nEg\u2192Cga<\/td>\nPremise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nGod created the world<\/td>\nCga<\/td>\n1, 2, MP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nFor all things and for all things, that a thing created another \t\t\tthing logically implies that there exists a moment such that that \t\t\tmoment is before another moment at the first thing created the \t\t\tsecond thing at that other moment<\/td>\n(\u2200x)(\u2200y)(Cxy\u21d2[(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227Kxyt1<\/sub>)])<\/td>\nPremise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nThere exists a moment such that that moment is before another \t\t\tmoment and God created the world at that other moment.<\/td>\n(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227Kgat1<\/sub>)<\/td>\n3, 4, MP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nFor all things there exists a moment such that \t\t\tthat moment is before another moment and that thing created the \t\t\tworld at that other moment, logically implies that there exists a \t\t\tmoment such that that moment is before another moment and the \t\t\tworld was created at the other moment.<\/span><\/td>\n[(\u2200x)(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227Kxat1<\/sub>)]\u2192[(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227At<\/span>1<\/sub>)]<\/td>\nPremise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nIt is not the case that there exists a moment such \t\t\tthat that moment is before another moment and the world was \t\t\tcreated at that other moment.<\/span><\/td>\n\u00ac[(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227At<\/span>1<\/sub>)]<\/td>\nPremise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nThere exists a moment such that that moment is \t\t\tbefore another moment and the world was created at the other \t\t\tmoment, and it is not the case that there exists a moment such \t\t\tthat that moment is before another moment and the world was \t\t\tcreated at that other moment.<\/span><\/td>\n[(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227At<\/span>1<\/sub>)]\u2227\u00ac[(\u2203t)(t<t1<\/sub>\u2227At<\/span>1<\/sub>)]<\/td>\n4, 5, conj.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nIt is not the case that God exists.<\/td>\n\u00acEg<\/td>\n1-8, RAA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n

Some explanations to the premises<\/h3>\n

(2) is true when we are dealing with traditional monotheism. Traditional monotheism in the sense that there exists a God and God created the world.<\/p>\n

(4) is reasonable when one considers it. If something is created at a moment by something else, then the first thing did not exist immediately before it was created by the other thing. There is at least one moment before a thing was created by another thing where it did not exist. That is what \u201ccreated by\u201d means.<\/p>\n

(6) merely removes the creator so that the moment may be isolated.<\/p>\n

(7) since time is a part of space-time and that space-time did not exist before the world was created, then there wasn’t a moment before the world was created. The world is here understood as the physical world in some sense that makes it possible that there is a non-physical world wherein God exists.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merely a translation of the danish version here. Translation keys Domains D:x = things D:y = things D:t = moments One variable predicates Ex = x exists At = the world was created at time t Two variable predicates Cxy = x created y Three variable predicates Kxyt = x created y at time t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[472,1290,1503],"class_list":["post-1969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-religion-filosofi","tag-god","tag-time","tag-traditional-monotheism","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1969"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1970,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1969\/revisions\/1970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}